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A majority of the compaction bands reported from naturally deformed rocks do not show much grain size reduction (Figure 1). However, compaction bands which were produced in the laboratory have a remarkable degree of grain fracturing and the associated grain size reduction (Figure 2). This contradiction has not been well understood.
 | | Figure 1. (a) A mosaic photomicrograph of a single natural compaction band in Aztec Sandstone, Valley of Fire State Park, Nevada. (b) BSE image of host rock adjacent to the compaction band and (c) BSE image of compaction band showing compacted pockets of grains without much fractures and some large pores (white arrows). From Torabi et al.(2015). |
 | | Figure 2. A band with crushed zone perpendicular to the largest compression in St Peter Sandstone deformed in the laboratory in polarized light (a) and plane light (b). From Holcomb et al. (2007); originally from Haimson and Klaetsch (2007). |
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Haimson, B.C., Klaetsch, A., 2007. Compaction bands and the formation of slot-shaped breakouts in St. Peter sandstone. Geological Society London Special Publications 284 (1): 89-105. DOI: 10.1144/SP284.7.
Holcomb, D., Rudnicki, J.W., Issen, K.A., Sternlof, K.R., 2007. Compaction localization in the Earth and the laboratory: state of the research and research directions. Acta Geotechnica 2007 (2): 1–15.
Torabi, A., Aydin, A., Cilona, A., Jarsto, B.E., Deng, S., 2015. The dynamics and interaction of compaction bands in Valley of Fire State Park, Nevada (USA): Implications for their growth, evolution, and geostatistical property. Tectonophysics 657: 113-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.06.029.
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